Tracy Martin had
been looking for his son Trayvon since the night before. He went to bed
figuring the teen must have gone to the movies and turned off his phone.
When Trayvon still wasn't home in the morning, Martin called the
police.
After a flurry of phone calls
back and forth, an officer told him a police unit was on the way. "So I
went outside waiting for Trayvon to show up," Martin said.
Instead
of one squad car with his son in the backseat, three vehicles pulled
up: a police cruiser, an unmarked sedan and another official-looking
car. Martin would discover the third car belonged to a chaplain.
It
was not yet 8 in the morning, barely 12 hours since the shooting that
took place about 100 yards away, and Martin was still unaware of the
fate of his son.
The February 26
shooting death of Trayvon Martin, 17, at the hands of George Zimmerman,
28, a neighborhood watch captain who said he acted in self-defense, has
riveted the nation, largely because of race. Trayvon Martin was black.
George Zimmerman is white and Hispanic.
For
about 10 days, the story remained obscure. Television news from nearby
Orlando aired a few segments. The Orlando Sentinel published two brief
articles, and the twice-weekly Sanford Herald ran 213 words. Otherwise,
there was media silence. This is an account of what happened before
everyone knew Trayvon Martin's name.
BREAKING THE NEWS
When
Tracy Martin greeted the police that morning, a plainclothes detective
asked him to describe his son. "He asked me what he last had on. He
asked me if I had any recent pictures," Martin said.
"I
showed him a recent picture in the camera and he shook his head and
said, 'OK, let me go to my car and get something.'" The detective
returned with a folder.
It was
drizzling, and he asked Martin if they could go inside. When they were
seated he pulled out a photo. It was Trayvon, dead at the scene - his
eyes rolled back, a tear on his cheek, saliva coming from his mouth.
"From that point, our nightmare," Martin said.
"YOU GOT ME"
The
night his son was killed, Martin, 45, was out to dinner with his
fiancée, Brandy Green. Martin, who was divorced from Trayvon's mother,
Sybrina Fulton, in 1999, is a truck driver from Miami who has a
long-distance relationship with Green, a resident of the Retreat at Twin
Lakes subdivision in Sanford where Zimmerman also lived.
Martin
would visit Green on weekends, making the four-hour drive to the
Orlando suburb of Sanford. In late February he was able to bring his son
because Trayvon, a junior, was serving a 10-day suspension from Miami's
Dr. Michael M. Krop Senior High School. He'd been caught with a plastic
baggie that contained traces of marijuana.
On
Wednesday, the day after receiving the news, Martin went to the Sanford
Police Department looking for answers - and his son's body. Police took
him to a room and played some of the 911 recordings of neighbors who
called to report a disturbance followed by a gunshot.
They
did not play an earlier call to a police non-emergency line, during
which Zimmerman reported a "suspicious guy" and ignored the operator's
suggestion to quit following him. Investigator Chris Serino then took
Martin to another room and told him Zimmerman's version of events.
Sanford
police have stopped talking to reporters about the case, and Serino has
never spoken publicly about his role in it, but here is how Martin
recalls what Serino said: "He told me Zimmerman's story was that
Zimmerman was of course following him and that Trayvon approached his
vehicle, walked up to the car and asked Zimmerman, ‘Why are your
following me?' Zimmerman then rolls his car windows down, tells Trayvon
‘I'm not following you.' He rolls his car windows up.
"Trayvon
walks off. Zimmerman said he started running between the buildings.
Zimmerman gets out of his car. He comes around the building. Trayvon is
hiding behind the building, waiting on him. Trayvon approaches him and
says, ‘What's your problem, homes?' Zimmerman says ‘I don't have a
problem.'
"Zimmerman starts to
reach into his pocket to get his cellphone, and at that point Trayvon
attacked him. He says Trayvon hits him. He falls on the ground. Trayvon
jumps on top of him, takes his left hand and covers Zimmerman's mouth
and tells him to shut the F up and continues to pound on him.
"At
that point Zimmerman is able to unholster his weapon and fire a shot,
striking Trayvon in the chest. Trayvon falls on his back and says, 'You
got me.'" The Martin family has been telling their story as part of a
campaign to have Zimmerman arrested. He himself has kept quiet.
Sanford
police have declined numerous requests for comment on any aspect of the
story, even before a special prosecutor overseeing the case invoked a
state law that restricts otherwise public information in the course of
an active criminal investigation.
Zimmerman
has not spoken publicly, since any statements he makes could affect
future litigation against him. Though he is free, he remains in hiding.
His
father, brother, and defense lawyer, Craig Sonner, have said in
interviews that Zimmerman is not racist and has been unfairly vilified.
He feared for his life during his altercation with Trayvon Martin, they
say, and was justified in using deadly force. In his conversation with
Martin, Serino referred to Zimmerman's background as "squeaky clean."
Zimmerman
had been arrested in 2005 for shoving a state alcohol agent officer
during an argument at a bar. Charges were dropped after he entered a
special program for first-time offenders. Later that year, his
then-girlfriend took out a restraining order, accusing him of domestic
violence.
Sanford police released
Zimmerman without charge, but Martin says Serino told him he would
challenge Zimmerman's account. "The detective's words were, 'I want to
interview him again to catch him in a lie,'" Martin said.
A
law-enforcement source, who had been informed of the case by
investigators, told Reuters that Serino was eager to bring a charge but
encountered resistance from the office of the prosecutor, State Attorney
Norman Wolfinger.
"Chris (Serino)
would have made a recommendation for manslaughter, but Norm Wolfinger's
office wanted it to be a slam dunk," said the source, who spoke on
condition of anonymity. "They don't want to hear that this is wrong or
that is wrong with the case. That's the way this county does business."
Wolfinger on Monday broke a long silence about the case, denying reports
he quashed police intentions to charge Zimmerman with manslaughter.
Although
police found no contradictions within Zimmerman's story, their decision
not to arrest Zimmerman was lambasted by critics and has sparked
demonstrations around the country.
For
now there is one arbiter who matters. Special Prosecutor Angela Corey, a
state attorney from northern Florida appointed by Scott on March 22,
has taken over the investigation and will decide whether charges are
warranted.
ZIMMERMAN DROPS OUT OF SIGHT
Immediately
after the shooting, while waiting for police to arrive, neighbor Selma
Mora Lamilla saw Zimmerman pacing back and forth, holding his head in
his hands. "He was like, 'Oh my God, what just happened?'" said Mora
Lamilla's roommate, Mary Cutcher.
Zimmerman
understood the magnitude of his situation right away, said Joe Oliver, a
family friend and colleague of Zimmerman's at mortgage risk management
firm Digital Risk LCC.
"The day
after, he went into his job to let them know what was going on," said
Oliver, who has spoken to Zimmerman at least twice since the shooting.
"That is the last I know of anyone seeing George."
Zimmerman
and his wife moved out of the townhouse they rented in the Twin Lakes
complex almost immediately, Oliver said, and they are now living in
seclusion. Across town in Sanford's black neighborhood, word spread
quickly that a black teenager had been killed.
The
shooter, said to be white, had gone free. As in many cities in the
South, Sanford has a long history of racial tension, and black mistrust
of the police runs deep. In 2011, a previous Sanford police chief was
forced out of the job after a white police officer's son was captured on
video sucker-punching a black homeless man outside a bar.
Sanford
police did not arrest the assailant until video of the attack surfaced
on local TV and provoked an outcry from Sanford civil rights leaders.
Now, once again, anger was building. A rumor that superiors had quashed
an investigator's intent to charge Zimmerman had already made the rounds
in the black community, said Velma Williams, the only black member of
the five-person Sanford city commission.
"People
were getting suspicious, saying we knew that was going to happen based
on history," Williams said in an interview. She went to see Police Chief
Bill Lee on Thursday, March 1, four days after the shooting.
"I
told him, 'I can see a train coming down the track at 50 miles an hour,
and you better get a handle on this,'" Williams said. "He said to me,
‘You can rest assured that it's a thorough and objective and fair
investigation.'"
Three weeks later,
on March 22, when there was still no arrest and the city commission had
voted "no confidence" in Lee by 3-2, the chief announced his temporary
resignation. Lee told a news conference that while he stood by the
Sanford Police Department, he was stepping aside.
"It
is apparent that my involvement in this matter is overshadowing the
process," he said. "I do this in the hopes of restoring some semblance
of calm to the city, which has been in turmoil for several weeks."
TRAYVON MARTIN AS JOHN DOE
At
the time of the shooting, Trayvon Martin was not carrying
identification - only $22, a cellphone, and the now familiar bag of
candy and can of iced tea. His body, taken to the Volusia County Medical
Examiner's office, was tagged as a John Doe.
Although
Martin had identified his son to police on Monday, February 27, and
asked Serino the next day to issue police clearance for releasing the
body, not until Wednesday was a funeral director permitted to drive it
back to South Florida. In Miami, the boy's mother, Sybrina Fulton, 46, a
program coordinator for the Miami Dade Housing Authority, stayed home
in bed.
"Every little thing kind
of frustrates you, especially if you don't have the body ... Just to
know the funeral home had the body gave us some comfort," Fulton said.
"I
cried every day. There was nothing else I could do as a mother. Thank
God his dad was able to run around and take care of things," she said.
The family held a viewing on Friday, March 2. The memorial service and
interment were Saturday. The painful work of laying Trayvon to rest was
complete. Now would begin the more difficult search for justice.
FINDING BEN CRUMP
Tracy
Martin and Sybrina Fulton wanted George Zimmerman arrested. They
believe he stalked their son because he was black, and they were
outraged that Sanford police had accepted Zimmerman's claim of
self-defense.
Lee, the police
chief, would contend under Florida's "Stand Your Ground" law that police
could not arrest Zimmerman without evidence to contradict his story.
Martin turned to Patricia Jones, his sister-in-law.
An
attorney herself, she knew whom to call: Benjamin Crump, the state's
best-known civil rights attorney, based in Tallahassee. Crump and law
partner Daryl Parks had previously gained renown representing the family
of a black teenager who died in a boot-camp-style youth detention
center in 2006, winning the boy's family $7.2 million in damages from
the state of Florida and Bay County.
On
Tuesday, February 28, Crump was at the Duval County Courthouse in
Jacksonville, about 125 miles north of Sanford, arguing that public
records should be released in civil litigation over Antonio Cooks.
Cooks, a black bail bondsman, had been shot and killed by Jacksonville
Sheriff's Officer Jason Bailey while Cooks was serving a warrant and
Bailey was responding to a burglary call.
During
a break in the hearing, Crump noticed messages from Tyrone Williams,
another attorney he knows, and Jones. They urgently asked for his help.
Soon Jones put him in touch with Tracy Martin.
"I
told him to believe in the system," Crump said of that first call. "I
really believed they were going to arrest Zimmerman. I said, 'He's a
neighborhood watch person with a gun. Of course they are going to arrest
him just for that.'" "Then 48 hours passed and they still hadn't
arrested him," Crump said. "After that we just had to do what we had to
do."
He took the case pro bono.
Realizing he needed a lawyer who knew Sanford and Seminole County, Crump
turned to Natalie Jackson, a former Navy intelligence officer who
founded the Women's Trial Group, which specializes in cases for women
and children. Her mother lives in Sanford.
Now
Crump and Jackson needed a media strategy. On March 5, Jackson brought
in Ryan Julison, a publicist who had worked with her on a number of
high-profile cases. After speaking with Tracy Martin, Julison said he
also took the job for free and went to work pitching the story to
national media.
Crump knew from his
experience on the boot-camp case that publicity could force officials
to act, but it would require persuading two people who had never stood
before a television camera to withstand the spotlight.
"I
got on the phone with Tracy Martin and I told him, ‘It's not going to
be any fun, but this is the only way to find justice,'" Julison said.
"You are going to have to bare your soul and express your emotions and
your inner grief." Martin and Fulton agreed. There was only one problem.
At first, the media weren't interested. Julison pitched the story to a
long list of media contacts.
Eventually,
on March 7, Reuters published a story titled "Family of Florida Boy
Killed by Neighborhood Watch Seeks Arrest." The next day, CBS News aired
a segment on "This Morning," and by 10 a.m. a crowd of reporters
gathered at Natalie Jackson's law office for a news conference with Ben
Crump and Tracy Martin. A media firestorm had begun.
EPILOGUE: THE 911 RECORDINGS
The
day after the news conference, on March 9, Velma Williams went back to
see Police Chief Bill Lee with community activist Kenneth Bentley. "We
said, look, chief. Last time I was here I told you a train was coming
down the tracks and it was going 50 miles an hour," Williams recalled.
"I
said it's going 150 miles an hour now. And it doesn't have any brakes."
Back in New York, civil rights activist Al Sharpton was monitoring
events, his interest piqued by an earlier call from Crump.
After
the police chief told reporters on March 12 he lacked a probable cause
to arrest Zimmerman, Sharpton took up Trayvon Martin's cause on his
MSNBC show, fueling cable television competition.
The
twist that catapulted Martin's shooting into a world story was the
release of recorded 911 emergency calls, including one that captures
screams for help in the background that end with a gunshot.
Chief
Lee had resisted Crump's requests to make the tapes public, but he was
overruled by Sanford Mayor Jeff Triplett. On the night of Friday, March
16, Triplett invited Trayvon Martin's parents and their legal team into
his office to listen to each of the calls, which he played on his
computer.
"When we got to the
cries for help, that was when Sybrina burst into tears," recalled
Jackson. "She said, 'That's Trayvon. That's our son.' She ran out of the
room crying." (Zimmerman's brother, Robert, would later swear the voice
belonged to George.)
"The mayor
himself started to cry," Jackson said. "Everybody in the room was in
tears." Mayor Triplett overruled his police chief and distributed disks
of the phone calls to the media that night. They have been broadcast
unceasingly ever since.
